Unearthing Ancient History in Tuscany

This project has been amended to incorporate several health and safety measures to allow responsible fielding of teams during the COVID-19 pandemic. Please refer to the COVID Disclosure Form for more details. 

Before Fielding 

• Vaccination against COVID-19 is required for all participants. Staying up to date with your vaccinations, including receiving booster doses if available, is strongly encouraged. 
• Become familiar with and abide by the local COVID requirements up to date vaccinations, including boosters, mandatory quarantine, or other guidelines. 
• Do not travel to your Earthwatch expedition or program if you: 
  • are experiencing symptoms consistent with COVID-19 (cough, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, fever, chills, muscle pain, sore throat, or new loss of taste or smell), 
  • are confirmed or suspected as having COVID-19 within the past 10 days 
  • have been in close contact with someone suspected or confirmed as having COVID-19 in the past 10 days 
• You are highly encouraged to take a COVID-19 test one day before or the morning of your rendezvous, before meeting up with your team. 

While in the Field 

• Face masks will be required in line with local regulations and/or when instructed by project leadership. In areas or on projects where mask use is no longer required, the use of face masks will be optional. Any individual who wishes to continue to mask will be supported in that decision. 
• Participants and project staff will continue to wash or sanitize hands frequently and maintain physical distance whenever possible. 
• All team members will be asked to monitor their own health through daily health checks. 
• Recreational activities may be limited or require additional face mask requirements to reduce the risk of exposure to team members or to the local community. 
• Meals and activities will take place outside whenever possible. 
• Ventilation will be increased indoors and within enclosed vehicles whenever possible. 

Populonia is one of the most important active archaeological sites in Italy. From 900 BCE to 100 CE, it served as the center of iron smelting and trade in the Mediterranean. Iron was the city’s economic base and source of wealth. The transfer of the city from Etruscan to Roman rule (at about 250 or 200 BCE) did not halt its metalworking activities; iron exports supported Roman expansion in Africa, and the Augustan ruling class (50 BCE to 50 CE) had important economic interests in the area’s industrial production and commerce.

To reconstruct the economic and social history of the city Populonia, we must understand when iron smelting took place; how society in the city formed around iron smelting activities; the trade routes, and the people who lived and worked in the harbor, mines, and iron-smelting industry.

To achieve these goals, our project aims to continue excavating at the Roman settlement on Poggio del Molino (“Windmill Hill”), the most interesting Roman late-republican and imperial site of the area. Poggio del Molino is also the first Park of Shared Archaeology in Italy. 

On the north side of the Baratti Gulf, the Settlement of Poggio del Molino is, so far, the most significant site to help us reconstruct the history of Populonia between the 2^nd century BCE and the 5^th century CE. Focusing the research at Poggio del Molino settlement gives us extraordinary evidence about a dark period in Populonia history. 

The excavation of the Roman settlement of Poggio del Molino, the only example of a Roman fortress, farm, and villa in the territory of Populonia systematically investigated, is conducted under the scientific direction of the Aglaia Foundation with Carolina Megale Ph.D. (in agreement with Municipality of Piombino) and the professionals of the Archeodig Project.

The archaeological site extends over the northern and eastern slopes of a promontory that acts as a watershed between the beach of Rimigliano in the north, the Gulf of Baratti to the south, and the northern boundary of the town of Piombino (Livorno).

The Roman structures are located on a plateau about 20 meters above sea level that dominates the stretch of sea between San Vicenzo and the Isle of Elba in the west, and the Metalliferous Hills and the plains of Campiglia lagoon to the east.

During the 2^nd century BCE; the northern end of the promontory was occupied by a fortified building, positioned to defend the territory of Populonia from pirate attacks. Thanks to contemporary sources we know that between the 2^nd and 1^st centuries BCE, piracy was prolific on the Mediterranean coasts and sea. The fortress’ strategic position allowed control of most of the Tyrrhenian Sea routes, the access to the channel that connects the sea to the lake of Rimigliano, and the southern territory of Populonia.

The building, with a rectangular plan of about 55 x 56 meters, has been investigated in the southeast sector which is organized around a porch; where evidence of iron working has been uncovered. Along the perimeter wall, we have identified two defensive towers; erected adjacent to the two entrances of the settlement, and a watchtower that also allowed communication with Populonia. In 67 BCE, following the issuance of the Lex Gabinia, Gneo Pompeo took command of the war against the pirates of the Mediterranean Sea over which, in just four months, he reported a total victory.

In the first half of the 1^st century BCE, without the threat of pirates, the building was repurposed as a farm with an adjoining 'cetaria', or small home-based factory, producing 'garum' (fish sauce), equipped with pools for soaking the fish, which we can still see today.

Around the middle of the 2^nd century CE, after a thorough renovation, the building took on the characteristics of a maritime villa which was later destroyed around the end of the 3^rd century CE, probably by an earthquake. The villa was organized around an open area, set out as a garden, and exploited the same two accesses used in the earlier phases. The western entrance gave access to the main living area (cubicula and dining rooms), decorated with mosaics and frescoes, and to the bath complex via a corridor overlooking the sea. The slave quarters, of which are known, the kitchen, and other utility rooms, still under excavation, were accessed via the eastern entrance.

In the 4^th century, after the destruction, the eastern sector of the complex was reoccupied and used for activities connected with ironworking. In addition to a large amount of iron slag and hematite, a furnace connected with a forge has been documented.

Even in the 5^th century, the site experienced a significant phase of inhabitation connected with the presence of a gathering place, probably linked to early Christian worship, and of a tomb set in a wall of the villa ruins.

Today, the top of the hill is occupied by the beautiful Villa del Barone, which was built in 1923 by Baron Luigi De Stefano and Assunta Vanni Desideri, the daughter of Eugenio. From a paper of the 16th century, the "Bandita di Porto Baratti", and other archival documents we know that the Poggio owes its name to the mill which was a part of Torre Nuova ("Torre Nuova del Molino"), the building of coastal defense and a lookout built in the early sixteenth century by Cosimo I de' Medici, on the slopes of the promontory.

Through our excavations, we aim to fill gaps in our knowledge of the history and coastal economy of the Populonia area from the Etruscan period (beginning in 800 BCE) through the Roman period (beginning at about 250 to 200 BCE) and up to the early Middle Ages (at 600 CE). Our results will help illuminate how the Etruscan and Roman economies operated, and how the Romans exploited the natural resources of the territories they ruled. We still know very little about the political, economic, architectural, and religious changes brought by the arrival of the Romans in this part of the Etruscan coast.

Our findings can inform educational programming, conservation techniques, and excavation methods, which in turn will help preserve these sites for future generations. Archaeological sites in the bay of Populonia-Baratti face threats from treasure hunters and looters, and we aim to use our findings to show the public the great cultural value of protecting these historic sites. We also provide a rare opportunity for young people to gain professional experience. It is very difficult to enter the field of archaeology in Italy, and by giving local and international students internships and jobs, we can help them enter the field and continue the research that we believe is so important.

You will help us reconstruct the area’s complex past as fully as possible. All teams will excavate the Roman settlement of Poggio del Molino If weather prevents work outside at any point, you’ll help reconstruct the shapes of excavated objects by trying to rebuild the original from the fragments collected, draw, and record and analyze data. 

• Archaeological Excavation and Technical Relief: Collecting samples after removing earth from them with specialized tools and taking earth away by wheelbarrow. Drawing of plans, sections, etc.
• Recording and Analysis: Cleaning, marking and listing, drawing, and cataloging mobile artifacts. Geological analysis of stone building material.
• Conservation and Restoration: Pottery, reconstruction of shapes, drawing. Wall and pavement decoration, drawing, preliminary conservation operations.
• Cultural Dissemination: Demonstration of the archaeological activity on site to the public. Contribution to periodical reports, both in print and on the website.
• Active and Passive Protection: Temporary protection of site; housing of artifacts; planning of definitive protection of the site.

Once here, you’ll watch presentations and practical demonstrations to prepare for fieldwork. Staff members will always be available to clarify anything and help where necessary. You’ll also learn about our research and the methodology (such as the stratigraphic method) through staff talks throughout the expedition, which may happen in free afternoons or evenings. On most days, you’ll have time to relax in the early evening, just before dinner. Note: You are welcome to help with meal preparation, and you will be required to assist with table setting and cleaning up after meals. Other students and volunteers will also work on the sites, but the Earthwatch volunteers will work in separate groups.

DAILY SCHEDULE 

Weather and research needs can lead to changes in the daily schedule. We appreciate your cooperation and understanding.

Note: Punctuality is important, as the project has fixed schedules. Please plan to meet the team promptly every morning.

• 8:00 a.m.: Breakfast
• 8:30 a.m.: Meet on-site and daily briefing
• 8:45 a.m.–1:00 p.m.: Work on site
• 1:00–2:00 p.m.: Lunch
• 2:00–5:00 p.m.: Work on site
• 5:15 p.m.: Return to the accommodations
• 5:30–7:30 p.m.: Recreational time
• 8:00 p.m.: Dinner
• 9:00 p.m.: Downtime

Those joining the project for 13 days will have one full recreation day. All teams will attend evening lectures, and a wine tasting may be organized (at the volunteers’ own expense) on one evening.

ITINERARY

FOR 7-DAY TEAMS (A & B)

• Day 1: Rendezvous, travel to accommodations. Welcome.
• Days 2–6: Health and safety briefing, lectures, update, and work on-site. Excavation, survey, and other research tasks as detailed above.
• Day 7: Tidy up and departure

CONTINUATION FOR 13-DAY TEAMS

• Day 7: Recreational day: visit to the Medieval Castle of Populonia
• Days 8–12: Excavation, survey, and other research tasks as detailed above
• Day 13: Tidy up and departure

RECREATION DAY*: VISIT ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL POPULONIA (13-DAY TEAMS)

• 10:00 a.m.– 1:00 p.m.: Visit to the city historical center of Piombino
• 1:00 p.m.–2:00 p.m.: Lunch
• 3:00–4:30 p.m.: Visit the medieval castle and village of Populonia 
• 6:00–8:30 p.m.: Recreational time
• 8:30 p.m.: Dinner

*In addition to the recreation day, all teams (except for the teen team) will have the option to sign up for an Italian cooking class open to Earthwatch participants only. The cost for the class will be 50–60€ per person depending on the menu and can be paid on site.

* Please note that not every expedition has couples’ or single's accommodations available. Please call or email Earthwatch to check for availability prior to reserving your space(s) on the team.

Teams will stay at the Populonia Stazione Resort. The accommodations feature modern furnishings, television, single beds, and gas heat. Each apartment has a small kitchen with a stove, dishwasher, and fridge. Apartments vary in size according to team size. 

SLEEPING

Same gender rooms are assigned with two to three volunteers per room. Single rooms* and couple rooms are subject to availability and will depend on numbers and the gender makeup of the team. Please request this at the time of booking and note it on your volunteer forms. 

Towels and bed linens are provided. If you are particularly susceptible to feeling chilly during the night, bring warm pajamas and/or a light sleeping bag.

*Single rooms can be guaranteed for the additional cost of €400 per week, payable to research staff upon arrival. If interested, you must inform Earthwatch of this request at least 45 days prior to the start of your team.

* Earthwatch will honor each person’s assertion of gender identity, respectfully and without judgment. For both teen and adult teams, where logistics dictate single-sex accommodations or other facilities, participant placements will be made in accordance with the gender identity the participant specified on their Earthwatch Participant form and/or preferences indicated in discussions with Earthwatch.

BATHROOMS

Participants will be assigned a private bathroom per room, with hot showers, flush toilets. 

ELECTRICITY

You are welcome to bring electrical equipment. Electrical outlets are 220 Volts, 50 Hz, standard European plug.

PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS

Wireless Internet is available at the resort courtyard and restaurant, it is less reliable within individual rooms. Computers/tablets aren’t available, so you will have to bring your own electronic devices. If you wish to call home, a public telephone box is available, and if you inform the staff at the start of the project they can take you to purchase an international calling card.

Please note: Earthwatch encourages volunteers to minimize outgoing calls and immerse themselves in the experience; likewise, family and friends should restrict calls to urgent messages only. Emergency communications will be prioritized.

FOOD AND WATER

You’ll enjoy typical Italian-style cuisine on this expedition. You’ll help yourself to breakfast at the accommodations in the morning from a selection of the foods listed below, which may vary slightly from day to day.

Whenever possible lunch will be enjoyed in the field as a packed lunch, in addition to some mid-day refreshments.

There is drinking water available on-site at the accommodations. There will also be juice, tea, and coffee at the accommodations.

Dinner will be at the resort restaurant and is eaten later in the evening in Italy (between 8–9:00 p.m.); there will be biscuits and fruit available to snack on, but if you wish to have more snacks when you return from the field then you will need to bring some or purchase them from the small supermarket.

TYPICAL MEALS

The following are examples of foods you may find in the field. Variety depends on availability. We appreciate your flexibility.

• Breakfast: Yogurt, fruit, cereals, bread, sweet snacks, biscuits, croissants, tea coffee, and juice
• Lunch: Rice or pasta dishes, sandwiches, and fruit
• Dinner: Varieties of meat, fish, pizza, pasta, with vegetables and salad accompaniments and dessert
• Snacks: Biscuits/cookies, fruit
• Beverages: Water, coffee, tea, juices

SPECIAL DIETARY REQUIREMENTS

Please alert Earthwatch to any special dietary requirements (e.g., diabetes, lactose intolerance, nut or other food allergies, vegetarian or vegan diets) as soon as possible, and note them in the space provided on your volunteer forms.

Accommodating special diets is not guaranteed and can be very difficult due to the availability of food, location of field sites, and other local conditions.

Project Conditions

The information that follows is as accurate as possible, but please keep in mind that conditions may change.

At the site, the ground is flat and open; shade will be provided. It will likely be dry most of the time, but if it does rain the ground can become very slippery.

GENERAL CONDITIONS

For weather and region-specific information, please visit Wunderground.com and search for your project location.

Note: Excavation requires constant hard work, and participants may find this very strenuous. We strongly recommend that you undertake some training (walking, carrying, bending) to strengthen your level of fitness before joining the project.

All participants must be able to:

• Tolerate often hot and humid conditions (57º F (14º C) to 82º F (28º C)); shade is provided, but the sun and humidity cannot be avoided entirely.
• Kneel, sit or, get low enough to the ground to comfortably carry out excavation activities for 2 to 5 hours per day.
• Regularly get oneself up and down from the ground during excavation tasks for 2 to 5 hours a day, which can potentially cause strain on the back and knees. There will be the opportunity to work from chairs if required during pottery lab activities.
• Traverse over rough, uneven terrain (often wet and slippery), low-lying walls, and steep slopes with no handrails while on the excavation sites.
• Tolerate occasionally dusty conditions while working, which, combined with a breeze, can sometimes be uncomfortable for contact lens wearers. Wearing glasses may be more comfortable.
• Traverse over uneven and often steep terrain for periods of up to three hours if partaking in optional recreational walking trips to see surrounding areas.
• Get oneself up and down out of a vehicle and ride, seated with seatbelt fastened, for periods of approximately two hours.
• Follow verbal and/or visual instructions independently or with the assistance of a companion.
• Take an active role in one’s own safety by recognizing and avoiding hazards if and when they arise (including, but not limited to, those described in Earthwatch materials and safety briefings). Always comply with project staff instructions and recommended safety measures.
• Effectively communicate to the staff if experiencing distress or need assistance.
• Get along with a variety of people from different backgrounds, often in close proximity, for the duration of the team.
• Be comfortable being surrounded by a language and/or culture that is not your own. 
• Enjoy being outdoors all day; maintain a good team attitude in all types of weather and in the potential presence of insects.

EMERGENCIES IN THE FIELD

There is a large, well-equipped hospital approximately 20 minutes away from the site. In the event of an emergency, we would transport the injured party to the hospital in a project vehicle or by ambulance. There is a place to land a helicopter near the site, and there is a helipad at the hospital. Minor injuries will be treated on-site with basic first aid.

Earthwatch has a 24-hour, 7-day-a-week emergency hotline number. Someone is always on call to respond to messages that come into our live answering service.

IMMUNIZATIONS & TRAVEL VACCINATIONS

Please be sure your routine immunizations are up to date (for example: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, measles, mumps, rubella and varicella) and you have the appropriate vaccinations for your travel destination. Medical decisions are the responsibility of each volunteer and his or her doctor. Visit the Center for Disease Control and Prevention or the World Health Organization for guidance on immunizations.

If traveling from countries or regions where yellow fever is endemic, you must have a certificate of vaccination.

Vaccination against COVID-19 is required for all participants. Staying up to date with your vaccinations, including receiving booster doses as applicable is strongly encouraged. 

TRANSPORTATION

As in any country, transport is a risk. All minibuses and cars will be fitted with seatbelts, and all passengers must wear them whenever the vehicle is in motion. Only experienced drivers will drive vehicles. Each vehicle will contain a first-aid kit and a cell phone for communication.

Participants may not drive, even their own cars, during the project.

WALKING/ TERRAIN

The terrain may be rough and can become very slippery when wet. Appropriate footwear, with good traction and steel-capped toes (required by the Italian government), must be worn. Do not run on-site and be aware of where you walk. Walkways must remain clear; do not leave tools, equipment, or personal bags in places that could create a hazard for others. You may not park wheelbarrows, walk close to, or sit on the edge of the work pits. Metal grid pegs with orange caps mark areas on the site where you may not walk. During site planning, we stretch a red and white string between the grid pegs at approximately three to six inches (eight to 15 centimeters) above the ground, which creates a trip hazard you should be cautious of. You will not be permitted on site without staff. The terrain of the villa research site is rough and uneven and presents a significant risk of tripping and falling if care is not taken.

STRAINS AND SPRAINS

Wear sturdy footwear, long socks, and trousers on site. Also, pay attention to your own abilities and work within your limits. You may want to use gloves and kneeling pads. We will instruct you to not overfill buckets and wheelbarrows and on the correct procedures for lifting heavy objects. Ask for assistance when moving large items. When lifting rocks or stone blocks, take care not to trap your fingers. If you’re working underground at the site, we will instruct you to wear a helmet.

ANIMALS / PLANTS

• Scratches from Vegetation. Again, watch where you walk and wear long-sleeved tops, long pants, and gloves to avoid scratches. You must have an up-to-date tetanus vaccination.
• Mosquito Bites. There are many mosquitos around the site and accommodations, and with them, the danger of infection and disease. Bring mosquito repellent and wear long pants and sleeves, especially in the evening, to avoid bites.
• Wildlife. Do not approach harmful animals; let field staff remove them safely. Although vipers are rarely seen, do not go off paths into the surrounding woods. Because of spiders and scorpions, take care when moving stones, choosing a place to sit on the ground, and putting on shoes. Some hairy caterpillars on the surrounding pine trees may cause a rash.
• Hay fever. Plants at the sites may cause hay fever in those who are susceptible to it. Bring any appropriate medication and tissues to the field.

CLIMATE / WEATHER

Sun exposure Please wear high SPF sunscreen, a sun hat, and lightweight long-sleeved clothing, and rehydrate regularly with water, which is freely available on site. Some shade will be available on site.

PROJECT TASKS/ EQUIPMENT

• Eye irritation/ infection. Excavation work will stir up dust and grit, which can cause infection or discomfort to the eyes. Although normal eyewear provides some protection, safety glasses will be available, and instruction will be given regarding keeping eyes safe.
• Injury from tools. Volunteers will be instructed in the correct use and safe storage of tools. Staff will supervise the use of tools and volunteers must listen carefully to instructions.
• Damage to the excavation site. We will demonstrate correct excavation methodology and remind you not to walk, sit, or leave belongings on the ancient walls and artifacts, which could cause long-term damage. Always listen carefully to instructions.

PERSONAL SECURITY

Theft. Petty crime is common in cities. Always keep your wallet, purse, valuables, passport, and other travel documentation in a secure place while passing through stations and airports. There is a small risk of petty theft on-site, as members of the public occasionally pass through, so we will ask you to store your bags in a safe place. Keep valuables always locked up or in your possession. The accommodations will be locked when we leave for the day.

SWIMMING

We will brief you on the risks of swimming in the sea, and only confident swimmers should enter the water. You may not swim in bad weather. Staff will assess and approve all swimming sites daily. Swimming alone or after drinking is not permitted.

DISTANCE FROM MEDICAL CARE

20 minutes by car

COVID-19 DISEASE RISKS 

COVID-19 is an infectious disease. Although most people who have COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness, it can also cause severe illness and even death. Some people are at increased risk of severe illness. The COVID-19 virus spreads from person to person via close contact, primarily through exposure to the respiratory droplets of an infected person. Medication availability and treatment for COVID-19 varies from country to country and specific treatment options may not be possible in your destination. 

Projects and participants fielding with Earthwatch commit to several enhanced safety measures as described in the COVID Disclosure Form. Enhanced safety measures may include wearing face masks when required by local guidelines or requested by team leadership, regular hand washing and surface sanitizing, heeding advice from project leadership or local authorities, adjusted logistics, and monitoring one’s own health throughout the expedition. If you get symptoms of COVID 19 or test positive while traveling you may be subject to quarantine and other local regulations that may disrupt your travel plans. Please plan for extended travel days

RENDEZVOUS LOCATION 

Campiglia Marittima train station, Province of Livorno, Italy 

* Additional information will be provided by Earthwatch to meet your team. Please do not book travel arrangements such as flights until you have received additional information from Earthwatch.

ABOUT YOUR DESTINATION

Earthwatch strongly recommends that travelers investigate their destination prior to departure. Familiarity with the destination’s entry/exit requirements, visas, local laws, and customs can go a long way to ensuring smooth travel. The U.S. Department of State's Traveler’s Checklist and Destination Guides are helpful resources. For LGBTI travelers, the U.S. Department of State's LGBTI Travelers page contains many useful tips and links.

COUNTRY AND PROJECT ENTRY REQUIREMENTS

You are responsible for reviewing and abiding by the local COVID guidelines and regulations for your destination. This may include proof of testing upon arrival or departure, up to date vaccinations against COVID-19, including boosters, mandatory quarantine, or other requirements. 

For information regarding Italy, please visit: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/covid-3/covid-19-italy and https://it.usembassy.gov/covid-19-information/. 

Entry visa requirements differ by country of origin, layover, and destination, and do change unexpectedly. For this reason, please confirm your visa requirements at the time of booking and, again, 90 days prior to travel. Please apply early for your visa (we recommend starting 6 months prior to the start of your expedition). Refunds will not be made for volunteers canceling due to not obtaining their visa in time to meet the team at the rendezvous. You can find up-to-date visa requirements at the following website: www.travisa.com.

If a visa is required, participants should apply for a TOURIST visa. Please note that obtaining a visa can take weeks or even months. We strongly recommend using a visa agency, which can both expedite and simplify the process.

Generally, passports must be valid for at least six months from the date of entry and a return ticket is required.

BOOKS

• S. Monti, C. Megale, Quanto l’archeologia diventa un’opportunità per disegnare il futuro / How much archaeology becomes an opportunity to design the future https://riviste.unimc.it/index.php/cap-cult/article/view/2196 
• C. Baione, Communicating archaeology to everyone, https://www.tafterjournal.it/2021/03/16/communicating-archaeology-to-everyone-the-poggio-del-molino-archaeological-site-virtual-approach/
• C. Megale, A. Camilli, E. Sorge (a cura di), Archeologia in cantiere. Nuove scoperte dagli scavi di Baratti, Pisa 2014. Online https://unifi.academia.edu/CarolinaMegale.
• Green, Kevin. Archaeology: An Introduction. London: Routledge, 2010.
• Renfrew, C and P. Bahn, Archaeology: Theories, Methods, Practice. London: Thames & Hudson, 2006.
• Megale, Carolina. Fare l’Archeologo per Passione e per Mestiere. Livorno: Books & Company, 2009. Online https://unifi.academia.edu/CarolinaMegale.

FIELD GUIDES

• C. Megale, S. Genovesi, The Roman Settlement of Poggio del Molino: the Late Republican Fort and the Early Imperial Farm of Poggio del Molino. Preliminary data, FOLD&R, n. 347, 2016.
• C. Megale, S. Genovesi, Economy and production in Late Republican Settlement of Poggio del Molino, Populonia, in L. Bombardieri, A. D’Agostino, G. Guarducci, V. Orsi, S. Valentini (a cura di), Identity and Connectivity: Proceedings of the 16th Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology, Florence, Italy, 1–3 March 2012, BAR International Series 2581 (II), 2013, pp. 901-908.
• Archaeological Guide to the Province of Livorno and the Tuscan Archipelago. Florence: Nardini Editore, 2003.
• Semplici, Andrea. Baratti and Populonia Archaeological Park. Florence: Fotolito Toscana, 2008. Note: This guide is only available on site; Carolina has a copy.

FILMS/DOCUMENTARY

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrFliPGCNFQ 
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxHrkthprUQ&t=138s 
• Roman Archeology: Myth and Reality—Part One: Rome and the Etruscans Between minutes 15 and 20 of this documentary on archeology, you’ll see footage of the project site and of Carolina discussing it.

PROJECT-RELATED WEBSITE

• www.pastexperience.it
• www.archeodig.com
• Insight into Italy